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''Prince étranger'' (English: "foreign prince") was a high, though somewhat ambiguous, rank at the French royal court of the ''ancien régime''. ==Terminology== In medieval Europe, a nobleman bore the title of prince as an indication of sovereignty, either actual or potential. Aside from those who were or claimed to be monarchs, it belonged to those who were in line to succeed to a royal or independent throne. France had several categories of prince in the post-medieval era. They frequently quarrelled, and sometimes sued each other and members of the nobility, over precedence and distinctions. The foreign princes ranked in France above "titular princes" (''princes de titre'', holders of a legal but foreign title of prince which carried no right of succession to any sovereign realm), and above most titled nobles, including the highest among these, dukes. They ranked below acknowledged members of the House of Capet, France's ruling dynasty since the tenth century. Included in that royal category (in ascending order) were: #the so-called ''princes légitimés'' ("legitimated princes": the legitimised natural children, and their male-line descendants, of French kings, e.g. Orléans-Longueville, Bourbon-Vendôme and Bourbon-Penthièvre); #the ''princes du sang'' ("princes of the Blood Royal": legitimate male-line great-grandchildren, and their male-line descendants, of French kings, e.g. the houses of Condé, Conti and Montpensier); and #the ''famille du roi'' ("royal family": consisting of the sovereign, his consort, any queens dowager, and the legitimate children (''enfants de France'') and male-line grandchildren (''petits-enfants de France'') of a French king or of a dauphin. This hierarchy in France evolved slowly at the king's court, barely taking into account any more exalted status a foreign prince might enjoy in his own dynasty's realm. It was not clear, outside the halls of the Parlement of Paris, whether foreign princes ranked above, below, or with the holder of a French peerage. Deposed rulers and their consorts (e.g. King James II of England, Queen Christina of Sweden, Duchess Suzanne-Henriette of Mantua, etc.), ranked above the foreign princes, and were usually accorded full protocolar courtesies at court, for as long as they remained welcome in France. Foreign princes were of three kinds:〔 #those domiciled in France but recognized by the current king as junior members of dynasties that reigned abroad # *the Guise cadets of the Ducal House of Lorraine # *the Nevers cadets of Mantua's Ducal House of Gonzaga # *the Nemours cadets of the Ducal House of Savoy # rulers of petty principalities who habitually sojourned at the French court # *Princes of Monaco, of the House of Grimaldi # *Dukes of Bouillon, of the House of La Marck and, later, of the House of La Tour d'Auvergne # French nobles who claimed membership in a formerly sovereign dynasty, either in the male line or who claimed a foreign throne as heirs in the female line # *Rohan, male-line descendants of the sovereigns of Brittany # *La Trémoïlle, female line heirs of the Trastámara kings of Naples 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Prince étranger」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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